Total population of Ca Mau province was 1,155,061 in 2000, including Kinh, Chinese, Khmer groups ... The Kinh accounts for a great majority. Ca Mau province currently has one city (Ca Mau city) as its provincial capital and 6 districts:

Thoi Binh, U Minh, Tran Van Thoi, Cai Nuoc, Dam Doi and Ngoc Hien. Ca Mau city is the administrative, cultural and economic centre of the province

Ca Mau is the last province in the Southern tip of Viet Nam, with geographical coordinates from latitude 8⁰30 - 9⁰10 North and longitude 104⁰80 - 105⁰5 East. The province adjoins Kien Giang and Bac Lieu provinces on the North, the East Sea on the East and South. The Thailand Gulf adjoins Ca Mau on its western side. Ca Mau province covers an area of 5,208.8km², accounting for 1.57% of the country area, and 13.6% of the Mekong Delta.